NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS 2021
The Nobel Prize is five separate prizes that,according to Sir Alfred Nobel’s will of 1895, are awarded to those who,during the preceding year,have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind. Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.while a memorial prize in economic sciences was added in 1968.
NOBEL PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY
German Benjamin List and Scottish-born David MacMillan won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their development of asymmetric organocatalysis, a “new and ingenious tool for molecule building”.
NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 was awarded “for groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex systems” with one half jointly to Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann “for the physical modelling of Earth’s climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming” and the other half to Giorgio Parisi “for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales.”
NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSIOLOGY OR MEDICINE :
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian “for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch.
NOBEL PRIZE IN LITERATURE :
The Nobel Prize in Literature 2021Abdulrazak Gurnah “for his uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee in the gulf between cultures and continents”
NOBEL PRIZE IN PEACE :
Philippine journalist Maria Ressa and Russian Editor Dmitry Muratov have been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their “efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace,”
NOBEL PRIZE IN ECONOMIC SCIENCE :
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2021 with one half to David Card “for his empirical contributions to labour economics” and the other half jointly to Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens “for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationship.
THE YOUNGEST NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS LIST:
1.Malala Yousafzai(17) : 2014( Peace)
2.Lawrence Bragg(25) :1915 (Physics)
3.Nadia Murad(25) :2018 (peace)
4.Werner Heisenberg(31) :1932( Physics)
5.Tsung-Dao Lee(31) :1957(Physics)
6.Carl D. Anderson(31) :1936( Physics)
THE OLDEST NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS LIST :
1.John B. Goodenough(97) :2019 (Chemistry)
2.Arthur Ashkin(96) :2018( Physics)
3.Leonid Hurwicz(90) :2007(Economic Science)
4.Syukuro Manabe(90) :2021(Physics)
5.Klaus Hasselmann(90) :2021 (Physics)
MULTIPLE NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS LIST:
1.ICRC( International Committee of the Red Cross) : Peace 1917
Peace 1944
Peace1963
2.UNHCR(United Nations High
Commissioner for Refugees) :
Peace1954
Peacea981
3.J. Bardeen:Physics1956
Physics 1972
4.M. Curie:Physics(1903)
Chemistry( 1911)
5.L. Pauling:Chemistry (1954)
Peace(1962)
6.F. Sanger:Chemistry(1958)
Chemistry(1980)
FAMILY NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS LIST :
Married couples (at the time of the award) :1.Marie Curie & Pierre Curie
2.Irène Joliot-Curie&Frédéric
Joliot
3.Gerty cori & Carl Cori
4.May-Britt Moser & Edvard I. Moser
5.Alva Myrdal & Gunnar Myrdal
6.Esther Duflo & Abhijit Banerjee
Mother & daughter:
Marie Curie
Irene Joliot-Curie
Father & daughter:
Pierre Curie
Irene Joliot-Curie
Father and son:
1.William Bragg
Lawrence Bragg
2.Niels Bohr
Aage N. Bohr
3. Hans von Euler
Chelpin Ulf von Euler
4.Arthur Kornberg
Roger D. Kornberg
5.Manne Siegbahn
Kai M. Siegbahn
6.J. J. Thomson George
Paget Thomson
Brothers:
Jan Tinbergen
Nikolaas Tinbergen
NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS LIST (INDIA) :
From Rabindranath Tagore in 1913 to Abhijit Vinayak Banerjee in 2020, there are many Indian Nobel prize winners so far who have made the country feel proud. Here are the Indian names who made it to the list of the most prestigious award winners.
Citizens of British India:The following are the Nobel winners who were citizens of British India at the time they were awarded the Nobel Prize.
Rabindranath Tagore : 1913 (Literature) Because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West. His literature work has left a huge impact on society.
C. V. Raman: 1930 (Physics):For his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him.
Citizens of Republic India :
Mother Teresa: 1979 (Peace):In recognition of her work in bringing help to suffering humanity.
Amartya Sen:1998(Economics):For his contributions to welfare economics.
Kailash Satyarthi: 2014 (Peace)For their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education.
Overseas citizens of Indian origin:The following are the Nobel laureates of Indian origin who were born in India but subsequently non-citizens of India. However, they are still often included in the list of Indian Nobel laureates.
Hargobind Khorana: 1968( Medicine) For their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis.
Subhramaniam Chandrashekar: 1983 (Physics) For his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars”.
Venkataraman Ramakrishna :2009 (Chemistry) For Structure and function of the ribosome,macromolecular crystallography.
Abhijit Banarjee: 2019( Economics) For their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty.
Indian Nobel Winners of foreign origin :The following are the Nobel winners of foreign origin who were either born in India or were residents in India when they became recipients of the Nobel Prize but were not Indian citizens.
Ronald Ross: 1902 (Medicine) “For his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it”.
Rudyard Kilpling: 1907 (Literature) “In consideration of the power of observation, originality of imagination, virility of ideas and remarkable talent for narration which characterize the creations of this world-famous author.
Dalai Lama: 1989 (Peace)For his consistent resistance to the use of violence in his people’s struggle to regain their liberty”.
V.S Naipaul: 2001 (Literature)”for having united perceptive narrative and incorruptible scrutiny in works that compel us to see the presence of suppressed histories.”
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